Thiamine: Difference between revisions

'''Thiamin''' or '''thiamine''', also known as '''[[vitamin]] B₁''' and '''aneurine hydrochloride''', is the term for a family of molecules sharing a common structural feature responsible for its activity as a vitamin. It is one of the [[B vitamins]]. Its most common form is a colorless chemical [[chemical compound|compound]] with a [[chemical formula]] [[Carbon|C]]₁₂[[Hydrogen|H]]₁₇[[Nitrogen|N]]₄[[Oxygen|O]][[Sulfur|S]]. This form of thiamin is [[soluble]] in [[water]], [[methanol]], and [[glycerol]] and practically insoluble in [[acetone]], [[ether]], [[chloroform]], and [[benzene]]. Another form of thiamin known as TTFD has different solubility properties and belongs to a family of molecules often referred to as fat-soluble thiamins. Thiamin decomposes if heated. Its chemical structure contains a [[pyrimidine]] ring and a [[thiazole]] ring.

 

 

== History ==

 

===Diagnostic testing ===

 

There are four known natural thiamin phosphate derivatives: [[thiamin monophosphate]] (ThMP), [[thiamin diphosphate]] (ThDP) or [[thiamin pyrophosphate]] (TPP), [[thiamin triphosphate]] (ThTP), and the recently discovered [[adenosine thiamin triphosphate]] (AThTP).

 

 

* In [[mammals]]:

TPP is synthesized by the enzyme [[thiamin pyrophosphokinase]], which requires free thiamin, [[magnesium]], and [[adenosine triphosphate]].

 

 

====Adenosine thiamin triphosphate====

{{Vitamin}}

 

[[Category:Vitamins]]

[[Category:Coenzymes]]